Showing posts with label 2. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 2. Show all posts

Friday, March 27, 2015

Kia Rio 2 review



Price as tested  £13,095


What is it?
With the fourth generation of Rio, Kia has boldly set out to steal sales from five rivals – the Renault Clio, Peugeot 207, Toyota Yaris, Volkswagen Polo and class-leading Ford Fiesta.
The Korean firm says it wants to sell 12,000 Rios in the UK next year. That’s an increase of about 30 per cent on its projected 2011 sales. It’s an ambitious battle plan, but with its latest generation of cars – the Rio is the fifth new unveiling in 18 months – Kia has made significant strides in quality and style.
Whats it like?
The new Rio, penned by Kia’s design guru Peter Schreyer, is longer, wider and lower than the old version, although the styling is a touch less striking than that of its baby brother, the Picanto. The trademark ‘tiger nose’ grille is given an aggressive treatment, and the large headlamps and swooping roofline give the car a sporty look, with a hint of coupĂ© to it.
It is a big car for the class. At 4045mm, it is 55mm longer than the Fiesta, for example, and the wheelbase of 2570mm is 70mm more than the previous Rio’s. As a result, the cabin has a roomy, spacious feel. The car’s occupants feel the benefit in terms of decent legroom and headroom in the front and rear, although boot space isn’t as generous as some rivals’ – at 288 litres, it is slightly smaller than the Fiesta’s.
The cockpit layout is logical, and the materials used are a major leap forward from the spartan environment of the previous, low-budget Rios. There are some minor quibbles: for example, the toggle switches for some aspects of the climate control aren’t particularly convincing in their operation, and the thick needles on the instrumentation aren’t always easy to read and smack of style over substance.
A generous level of standard kit is ample compensation. There are four trim grades. Our mid-range 2 includes items such as 16-inch alloys and front fog lights. Inside, this version has air-con, rear electric windows, wheel-mounted audio controls and leather trim on the wheel and gearlever.
Four engines form the basis of the range – two petrols and two diesels. At present, only petrol models are in the UK, and our 1.4 version achieves 51.4mpg (combined) and 128g/km of CO2, according to Kia’s figures. On our test route, which involved town centre, motorway and country road driving, the car returned 44.5mpg.
The engine packs a healthy 107bhp and pulls from rest to 62mph in 11.5sec. Torque isn’t as impressive, although the six-speed gearbox is fairly slick and the car makes solid progress on motorways, provided you keep your momentum up.
The light steering is welcome in town driving and a boon when parking but it isn’t so capable on faster, twisting B-roads, where it lacks feel and contributes to the sensation that the Rio doesn’t offer quite the same driving involvement as a Fiesta.
Should I buy one?
The thoroughly capable Rio has plenty of strengths in other areas that will catch the eye of prospective buyers, in particular the array of standard kit on offer for the money and the maker’s seven-year warranty.
Thought choosing a car in this sector was tough? The Rio has just made it even more difficult.


Kia Rio 2

Price: £13,095 (plus metallic red paint £495); Top speed: 114mph; 0-62mph: 11.5sec; Economy: 51.4mpg; Co2: 128g/km; Kerb weight: 1141kg; Engine type, cc: 4 cyls, 1396cc, petrol; Power: 107bhp at 6300rpm; Torque: 101lb ft at 4200rpm; Gearbox: 6-spd manual

Read more »

Thursday, March 26, 2015

Making a Joule Thief Circuit with Steven Chiverton Part 2

Continued from the Previous Article

Dude i used to get bad head aches and stuff playing with air core coils so be careful putting higher volts in them..i once put so much in to my coil it cut my radio off 10 feet away and i almost blacked out.. so i killed the power and i was in a state of confusion for like 2 hours after that.. it took a long nap to fix me.
so be careful!!



Above is the latest radiant energy battery charger joule thief  circuit I built from youtube video, the coil I wound 114 turns bifilar wound onto the core I got from jaycar electronics for around $9 
and on one of my tests I adjusted the circuits 1k pot till the neon lite up and no heating was felt in the power transistor since ive put it on a heatsink, a thick heatsink but when I used my 12 volts sla battery with just over 10 volts left in it I got over 131 volts out from it,  14 times more output than I did get from the input  ill conduct more tests  and put them down here , to see what outputs I can get from various inputs .


the 12 volts 7.2 amp hour rechargeable sla battery with just over 10 volts left in it I got over 131 dc volts output from the latest joule thief circiut.
Here are the results for various batteries and voltage inputs
1aa battery 1.5 volts type 1.04 volts left in it I got 7.55 volts output from the joule thief
a23 energizer battery 12 volts type had 9.62 volts left in it and I got an unusual reading of 4.23 volts out a voltage loss
yellow click rechargeable 1.5 volts battery, 1.09 volts left in it I got 1.20 volts out from the radiant energy battery charger joule thief.
Ag13 button cell battery 0.397 volts left in it I got 01.3 millivolts out of it
L1154 button cell 1.304 volts left in it  I got 4.50 volts out of it through the joule thief circiut.

Ag10 button cell battery it had 1.16 volts left in it  I got 4.3 volts out of it through the joule thief circiut.
357a button cell battery  with 1.359 volts left in it  I got 5.55 volts out of it from the joule thief circuit.


Latest joule thief circiut test . with the potentiometer turned up I adjusted it  till the neon come on and then I adjusted it to the max and the voltage reading was over 145 volts and the neon stayed lite and when I turned it down it still stayed lite like it was getting extra voltage all of a sudden . and the circiut unlike the other dident even make that high to low pitch sound , when I adjusted it fully up and down so I don’t know why . so after I got the neon lite it stayed on when I turned the pot full down and back up again . and no heat was felt in the transistor after the quick test.

With the 1k pot set to highest resistance the voltage output was 132.6 volts  and the neon is not lit  till I turned the pot resistance down to  a level where the voltage has increased to around 137.0 volts,  and voltage rises around here again to 145.7 with the neon still lit.
Turning the pot resistance down the neon dims at around 91.0 volts and when turn the pot down more to decrease the resistance of the pot more , the neon gets bright again like its getting more voltage and the circuit then squeals like a camera photflash circuit charging up its high voltage  photo flash capacitor.
The voltage was then 96.8 volts and climbing.  And by reducing the resistance more circuit appears to squeal more,  and the neon is still lit bright even when the voltage is at 93.6 volts.
 And when I turn the pot up to increase resistance neon got brighter at 73.9 volts,  and the voltage rose to 99.8 volts  turning pot up more to increase resistance  neon got brighter at 152.8 volts  to 153.5 volts and when pot was back at full resistance the voltage was then  159.4 volts then it dropped to 135.5 volts.

Note that when the pot resistance was turned down to the point that the neon comes on  neon stayed lite  all the time despite getting dim here and there then going bright again during the adjustments  and the neon never went out again despite adjusting the pot fully to the end either way  during the tests  the only way to make the neon go out is to  disconnect the battery  lead , the test can be started again by turning the pot up full, then  connect the battery lead then slowly reduce the pots resistance till the neon lights again .


Ive recharged my sla battery up to 12.48 volts and then I fired up both joule thiefs and found that even with my latest radiant battery charger joule thief im getting less voltage output for more voltage input and before it was more voltage output from less voltage input and since the latest tests the battery has gone from 12.48 to 12.1 volts  I used .47 volts so far , this is getting strange  and dureing the testing the voltage output did go over 100 volts but dident make it to the higher voltage I got before I topped up the 12 volts slr battery. As for the fluro bulb it only lit up a little bit more but not fully so I need more current or voltage to light it fully

First joule theif battery charging tests . results
Button cell battery  ag13 battery brand name sun king this battery had only 00.6 volts left in it , I used my first joule thief battery charger to tests it and after a count of 20 it gained enough power to power one of my small joule thief circuits it now has 1.48 volts in it for charging for 20 seconds .

I tried to charge 2 other button cell batteries but they are to far gone and lose charge fast I decided to try and recharge this tiny watch battery out of one of my watches and its been flat for ages so after 3 seconds of charging , it got hot so I let it cool down and I tested it on a small joule thief circuit and it got  enough power in it to light the led so it worked 3 seconds was the fastest charging time for such a small battery now my watch is going again. And I didnt get the details of this battery and measure its charge left and after I charged it for 3 seconds .



The 2 button cells that couldnt be charged I charged them for a count of twenty like the other one  but when I turned the potentiometer up towards the full to try get more voltage into it, it reverse charged so I ended up with a negative charge when I measured its voltage but still it kept going down so id say they are to dead or no good  at all . it was a good thing I halted the charge time for my tiny watch battery after 3 seconds when it started to get hot otherwise it may of exploded but now its perfect ill note the day I charged it up today monday may 24th 2010  just before 7 o clock in the evening I think lets see how long its lasts for till it runs flat .


Ive seen and saved a youtube video on the a23 12 volts energizer and the man dismantled one and it had no carbon and carbon rods in it but it had 8 unmarked button cell batteries in it.   my  a23 energizer I tried to charge it up more as it was just over the ten volts in it but I managed to get just over 11 volts into it and the voltage was dropping so something was wrong inside it , so I dismantled it and indeed found 8 button cells inside it  one had green corrosion  around it and its voltage wasnt steady it appeared to climb slowly and the rest all had over one volts in them and  I measure everyone of them and also I was able to power my small joule thief with them and get the 3.3 volts led to light up to  they will come in handy to .


Below is a picture of one of my smaller joule thief circuits  built from a schematic from the net I designed the printed circuit board for it and  notice the modified plastic cloths line peg, I use that to hold button cells for testing and the strip of blue tac at the top is my button cell holder.
 Most of the batteries on the strip of blue tac was from inside the small 12 volts a23 energizer battery.


One of my a23 energizer button cells was getting a bit low it had a measured charge of only 1.179 volts left in it.  this made the joule thief led dim so I used my larger radiant joule thief battery charger and charged  it up till it got hot , then I re measured that battery s voltage and it worked , I successfully charged it up to 1.346 volts and it now works better and the joule thief  white 3.3 volts led is brighter now.

 Below is my 2 radiant battery charger joule thief circiuts the one on the left without a heatsink is the one I used to seccessfully charge my a23 energizer button cell up with. Which was one of 8 button cells found inside the 12 volts a23 energizer battery.


READ ON
Read more »

2012 Audi A6 Sedan with 2 0TFSI Hybrid Engine

2012 Audi A6 Sedan with 2.0TFSI Hybrid Engine
2012 Audi A6 Sedan with 2.0TFSI Hybrid Engine  New
The 204HP model completes the 0-100 km/h (62mph) sprint in 7.7 seconds and reaches a top speed of 240 km/h (149 mph). Average consumption in the EU cycle comes to 7.4 liters per 100 km (31.79 US mpg) with 172 g CO2 per km (276.81 g/mile).


The 3.0 TFSI sprints from standing to 100km/h in 5.5 seconds and reaches an electronically governed top speed of 250 km/h (155 mph). It consumes on average 8.2 liters per 100 km (26.7 US mpg) and emits 190 g CO2 per km (305.78 g/mile).

There are three diesel options starting with a redeveloped 2.0-liter four-cylinder TDI producing 177 hp and 380 Nm (280.27 lb-ft) of torque. In conjunction with a manual gearbox, it propels the A6 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 8.7 seconds, then on to a top speed of 228 km/h (141.67 mph). In the EU cycle, it requires 4.9 liters per 100 km (48 US mpg) and emits 129 g CO2 per km (207.61 g/mile).

Next up in the diesel family is the 3.0 TDI V6 with 204 hp and 400 Nm (295.02 lb-ft) of torque. Paired with a multitronic transmission, it accelerates the A6 to 100 km/h (62mph) in 7.2 seconds and achieves a top speed of 240 km/h (149mph). Its average consumption is 5.2 liters per 100 km with a CO2 emissions level of 137 g per km (220.48 g/mile).

The top-of-the-line version of the 3.0 TDI churns out 245 hp and 500 Nm (368.78 lb-ft) of torque allowing the A6 to hit the 100km/h mark in just 6.1 seconds, continuing on to a limited top speed of 250 km/h (155mph). On average, this diesel powerplant uses 6.0 liters of fuel per 100 km (39US mpg) and emits 158 g CO2 per km (254.28 g/mile).
2012 Audi A6 Sedan with 2.0TFSI Hybrid Engine 
2012 Audi A6 Sedan with 2.0TFSI Hybrid Engine  Prototype
Read more »

Tuesday, March 24, 2015

2 Way Speaker Crossover circuit

crossover circuit
The series of crossover is an electronic circuit in which the point to separate the audio sound frequency. objective that only sound with a frequency range that can be accepted speakers are forwarded. less is more like a filter function, so the speakers work optimally.


2 way or 3 way or else, that determines how many channels would be separated voice. Each channel is handled by a single class of speakers. Eg 3 way, the frequency of sound produced by the head unit, separated by crossover as a low freq (big size distinguished speaker better known as the subwoofer), medium freq (medium speakers), usually in the middle) and hi freq (small speakers I would call a tweeter) Let me better sound and reduce noise.

Schematic 2 Way Crossover
Schematic 2 Way Speaker Crossover
Read more »